Patients vital signs can be normal when they are in fact in shock. As they compensate and as they began to decompensate.
My point is that if we do not do a focused exam on any area of complaint we have not done a proper exam. If they say their ear hurts. You are going to visualize it. You are even going to examine it with the otoscope hopefully. Yet your findings will not change the care given by the medic in most cases. So why do we look at the ear even if only externally view it and not internally viewed? So we can report redness, swelling, discharge etc. That is the same thing we should do when a patient complains of rectal, vaginal, penile pain discharge etc. We need to see it to properly report it and to properly document it.
Can we force the assessment on the patient? No. But if you are acting professional they will allow it. In my many years in EMS I have exposed many a patient and never have I gotten a complaint. I explain what and why as I am doing a proper exam. I have never had a patient refuse to allow an exam. I have had patients refuse backboards, IV's, certain meds etc. So yes patients can refuse any and all exams and treatments.
The ER doctor will still examine the patient. Say it's a cardiac patient. The ER doctor will still run EKG's, labs, etc even though he can not fix the problem. Why? So he can properly report to the cardiologist what is going on and help the cardiologist determine the urgency of care the patient needs.
We may not fix the problems we see and in fact most patients we do not fix but because of our exams findings we either change hospitals for a more appropriate one, or we notify the doctor that we are coming in with a patient with urgent needs. If you have a reputation with the doctors of doing proper detailed exams when you call and say urgent they will be ready.
So we need to do a proper exam so we can call in the proper expert. So we are no different than the ER doc.